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MacPerl.Specifics
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Specific features of MacPerl Matthias Neeracher 15Dec93
This file describes differences between MacPerl and a typical Unix perl
implementation. Much of this information can also be found at the end of
PerlHelp. If you have 411, search for Perl…Macintosh…Extensions.
1. VARIA
"\n" on a Mac means ASCII 13, as opposed to Unix, where it means ASCII 10
Pathnames are specified as:
volume:folder:file for absolute pathnames
:folder:file for relative pathnames
:file for relative pathnames
file for relative pathnames
MacPerl has a limited capability to handle constructs like `command` or
open(F, "|command"), if you are the lucky owner of ToolServer. Additionally,
whether you have toolserver or not, `pwd` and `Directory` (case is
significant) always return the current directory, followed by a newline.
2. SOCKETS
MacPerl has more Socket families than Unix Perl. Additionally, there is a call
choose() to allow the user to interactively specify addresses or file names. As
there are lots of rather complicated data types, there is a library header
"GUSI.ph" which defines packing/unpacking procedures.
Choose() is called as follows:
&MacPerl'Choose(DOMAIN,TYPE,PROMPT,CONSTRAINT,FLAGS,DEFAULT)
&MacPerl'Choose(DOMAIN,TYPE,PROMPT,CONSTRAINT,FLAGS)
&MacPerl'Choose(DOMAIN,TYPE,PROMPT,CONSTRAINT)
&MacPerl'Choose(DOMAIN,TYPE,PROMPT)
Puts up a modal dialog prompting the user to choose an address.
DOMAIN specifies the communication domain, like for socket().
TYPE may be used by future communication domains to further
differentiate within a domain, but is ignored by current domains.
PROMPT is a message that will appear in the dialog. CONSTRAINT may
be set to a suitable packed value to restrict the types of acceptable
addresses.
Examples:
require "GUSI.ph";
$file =
MacPerl'Choose(
&GUSI'AF_FILE, 0, "",
&GUSI'pack_sa_constr_file("OBJ ", "TEXT"));
Return the full pathname of an existing text
or MPW object file.
$dir = &MacPerl'Choose(&GUSI'AF_FILE, 0, "", "", &GUSI'CHOOSE_DIR);
Return the full pathname of an existing directory.
$file =
&MacPerl'Choose(
&GUSI'AF_FILE, 0, "", "",
&GUSI'CHOOSE_NEW + &GUSI'CHOOSE_DEFAULT, "yo");
Return the pathname of a new file to be created.
Socket families are:
Internet:
Packing addresses: &GUSI'pack_sockaddr_in(family, address, port)
Unpacking addresses: (family, address, port) = &GUSI'unpack_sockaddr_in(addr)
Choose: Not available.
Unix:
Packing addresses: &GUSI'pack_sockaddr_un(family, path)
Unpacking addresses: (family, path) = &GUSI'unpack_sockaddr_un(addr)
Choose: choose(&GUSI'AF_UNIX, 0, "", "", 0, "");
looks up an existing address.
choose(
&GUSI'AF_UNIX, 0, "Yes ?", "",
&GUSI'CHOOSE_NEW + &GUSI'CHOOSE_DEFAULT, "yo");
creates a new address.
No constraints may be specified.
Appletalk (ADSP):
Packing addresses: &GUSI'pack_sockaddr_atlk(family, net, node, socket) (numerical)
&GUSI'pack_sockaddr_atlk_sym(family, obj, type, zone) (symbolic)
Unpacking addresses: (family, net, node, socket) = &GUSI'unpack_sockaddr_atlk(addr)
(family, obj, type, zone) = &GUSI'unpack_sockaddr_atlk_sym(addr)
Choose: choose(&GUSI'AF_APPLETALK, 0, "Eh ?",
&GUSI'pack_sa_constr_atlk("LaserWriter", "GorillaWriter"),
0, "");
looks up an existing address.
New addresses may not currently be created with choose.
PPC Toolbox:
Packing addresses: &GUSI'pack_sockaddr_ppc(family, type, name, porttype)
Unpacking addresses: Not available.
Choose: choose(&GUSI'AF_PPC, 0, "Eh ?",
&GUSI'pack_sa_constr_ppc("Gonkulator"), 0, "");
looks up an existing address.
New addresses may not currently be created with choose.
3. ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS AVAILABLE IN MACPERL
&MacPerl'Answer(PROMPT)
&MacPerl'Answer(PROMPT,BUTTON1)
&MacPerl'Answer(PROMPT,BUTTON1,BUTTON2)
&MacPerl'Answer(PROMPT,BUTTON1,BUTTON2,BUTTON3)
Presents to the user a dialog with 1, 2, or 3 buttons.
Examples:
&MacPerl'Answer("Nunc et in hora mortis nostrae", "Amen");
always returns 0.
&MacPerl'Answer("I refuse");
is equivalent to &MacPerl'Answer("I refuse", "OK");
&MacPerl'Answer("Delete hard disk ?", "OK", "Cancel");
returns 1 for OK, 0 for Cancel
&MacPerl'Answer("Overwrite existig file", "Overwrite", "Skip", "Cancel");
returns 2 for Overwrite, 1 for Skip, 0 for Cancel
&MacPerl'Ask(PROMPT, DEFAULT)
&MacPerl'Ask(PROMPT)
Asks the user for a string. A default value may be given. Returns
undef if the dialog is cancelled.
Example:
$phone = &&MacPerl'Ask("Enter your phone number:");
$name = &&MacPerl'Ask("Enter your first name", "Bruce");
Useful for Australian database applications
&MacPerl'Pick(PROMPT, VALUES)
Asks the user to pick a choice from a list. VALUES is a list of choices.
Returns undef if the dialog is cancelled.
Examples:
$color = &MacPerl'Pick("What's your favorite color baby ?", "Red", "Green", "Gold");
&MacPerl'SetFileInfo(CREATOR,TYPE,FILE...)
Changes the file types and creators of the file(s).
Examples:
&MacPerl'SetFileInfo("MPS ", "TEXT", yin, yang);
Turn yin and yang into MPW text files
&MacPerl'GetFileInfo(FILE)
In scalar context, returns the file type. In array context, returns
(creator,type).
Examples:
&MacPerl'GetFileInfo(yin);
Returns "TEXT" or ("MPS ", "TEXT").
&MacPerl'DoAppleScript(SCRIPT)
Execute an AppleScript script.
Example:
&MacPerl'DoAppleScript(<<END_SCRIPT);
tell application "MacPerl"
make new Window
copy "Inserting text the hard way." to character 1 of front Window
end tell
END_SCRIPT
&MacPerl'Reply(ANSWER)
Reply to current DoScript request. Useful if you are calling Perl
scripts from other applications.
&MacPerl'Quit(LEVEL)
If Level is 0, don't quit after ending the script. If 1, quit if
running under a runtime version, if 2, always quit.
&MacPerl'LoadExternals(LIBFILE)
Load XCMD and XFCN extensions contained in file LIBFILE, which is searched
along the same path as it would be for a require. The extensions are made
accessible in the current package, unless they conatin an explicit package
name.
&MacPerl'DebugExternals(DEBUGLEVEL)
If DEBUGLEVEL is 0, don't print any debug information for XCMDs and XFCNs.
If 1, print information for unimplemented callbacks. If 2, print
informations for all callbacks.
&MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, CMD, ARGS)
When called from the tool, manipulate various information of files. To
get the command constants, it's convenient to require "FAccess.ph".
$TAB = &MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_GTABINFO)
&MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_STABINFO, TAB)
Manipulate tabulator setting (in spaces per tab).
($FONTNAME, $FONTSIZE) = &MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_GFONTINFO)
$FONTNUM = &MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_GFONTINFO)
&MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_SFONTINFO, FONT [, SIZE])
Manipulate font and size information. Both font names and font numbers
are accepted for F_SFONTINFO; F_GFONTINFO returns a font name in an
array context, a font number in a scalar context.
($STARTSEL, $ENDSEL, $DISPLAYTOP) = &MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_GSELINFO)
$STARTSEL = &MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_GSELINFO)
&MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_SSELINFO, $STARTSEL, $ENDSEL [, $DISPLAYTOP])
Manipulate the MPW selection of a file.
($LEFT, $TOP, $RIGHT, $BOTTOM) = &MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_GWININFO)
$TOP = &MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_GWININFO)
&MacPerl'FAccess(FILE, &F_SWININFO, LEFT, TOP [, RIGHT, BOTTOM])
Manipulate the window position.